PEM is an acronym that stands for "Proton Exchange Membrane." It refers to a type of membrane commonly used in fuel cells, specifically in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs).
A Proton Exchange Membrane is a thin, solid polymer material that is typically made of a fluorinated polymer, such as perfluorosulfonic acid. It is designed to facilitate the transfer of protons between the anode and cathode in a fuel cell while effectively blocking the flow of electrons. The main purpose of the PEM is to act as an electrolyte, allowing the protons to pass through it while preventing the mixing of gases and liquid electrolytes inside the cell.
This type of membrane offers several advantages, including high proton conductivity, good mechanical strength, and excellent chemical stability. When used in PEM fuel cells, it helps convert the chemical energy from a fuel, typically hydrogen or methanol, into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. Moreover, PEMFCs have a relatively low operating temperature, allowing for quick startup and improved efficiency.
PEM membranes have become the most widely used electrolyte material in portable and transportation fuel cells due to their low weight, compact size, and ease of operation. They find applications in a wide range of sectors, from automotive and aerospace industries to portable electronic devices, where efficient power generation with minimal environmental impact is desired.
