SGMA stands for Sustainable Groundwater Management Act. It refers to a California state law passed in 2014 that aims to ensure the sustainable management of groundwater resources in the state. The SGMA addresses the growing concerns regarding California's over-reliance on groundwater, which has resulted in depletion of aquifers, land subsidence, and other negative consequences.
The act establishes a framework and requirements for local agencies to comprehensively manage and sustainably regulate groundwater basins in California. It empowers local agencies to develop and implement Groundwater Sustainability Plans (GSPs) that aim to achieve sustainable groundwater management within specified timeframes. The GSPs must consist of measurable objectives, defined sustainability criteria, and enforceable actions to achieve sustainability.
SGMA emphasizes the importance of stakeholder engagement, collaboration, and transparency in the groundwater management process. It requires the establishment of Groundwater Sustainability Agencies (GSAs) consisting of local entities responsible for implementing the act's provisions. GSAs are responsible for preparing GSPs that include groundwater monitoring, reporting, and implementation of measures to avoid undesirable results.
The SGMA also introduces a state oversight role through the California Department of Water Resources (DWR). DWR is responsible for reviewing and evaluating the effectiveness of GSPs, coordinating technical support, and stepping in if local agencies fail to implement effective plans.
Overall, the SGMA represents a significant step towards sustainable management of California's groundwater resources, promoting long-term availability and quality for current and future generations while protecting ecosystems dependent on groundwater.
