ACYL CHLORIDE Meaning and
Definition
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An acyl chloride, also known as an acid chloride, is a type of organic compound that consists of an acyl group (derived from a carboxylic acid) attached to a chlorine atom. It is a highly versatile and reactive class of compounds commonly used in various chemical reactions.
In the structure of an acyl chloride, the carbon of the carbonyl group of a carboxylic acid is bonded to a chlorine atom. This substitution of the hydroxyl group (-OH) with a chlorine atom leads to the formation of acyl chlorides. Due to the presence of the highly electronegative chlorine atom, acyl chlorides exhibit enhanced reactivity compared to carboxylic acids.
Acyl chlorides are characterized by their pungent odor and are typically colorless liquids which can generate irritating fumes in the presence of moisture. They have a low boiling point and are highly volatile. Acyl chlorides are widely employed in several chemical reactions, particularly those involving nucleophilic acyl substitution.
Acyl chlorides readily react with various nucleophiles such as alcohols, amines, and water, leading to the formation of corresponding esters, amides, and carboxylic acids, respectively. These reactions are highly exothermic and can be vigorous, often necessitating caution and appropriate safety measures.
Overall, acyl chlorides can be considered as important intermediates in organic synthesis due to their reactivity and ability to undergo several types of transformations, making them crucial compounds in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, polymers, and dyes.
Common Misspellings for ACYL CHLORIDE
- zcyl chloride
- scyl chloride
- wcyl chloride
- qcyl chloride
- axyl chloride
- avyl chloride
- afyl chloride
- adyl chloride
- actl chloride
- acgl chloride
- achl chloride
- acul chloride
- ac7l chloride
- ac6l chloride
- acyk chloride
- acyp chloride
- acyo chloride
- acyl xhloride
- acyl vhloride
- acyl fhloride
Etymology of ACYL CHLORIDE
The word "acyl" originates from the Latin term "acetyl", meaning vinegar or sour. This Latin term is derived from the Greek word "acētos", which also means vinegar. The term "acyl" is used in organic chemistry to refer to a functional group composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen (C=O) and single-bonded to an alkyl or aryl group.
The term "chloride" is derived from the element chlorine. Chlorine comes from the Greek word "khloros", which means greenish-yellow. It refers to the greenish-yellow color of chlorine gas. In chemistry, "chloride" denotes a compound containing an atom or ion of chlorine.
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