Australian bat lyssaviruses (ABLV) are a group of viruses that belong to the Lyssavirus genus within the Rhabdoviridae family. They are primarily found in bats native to Australia, including species such as the black flying fox and the white-striped freetail bat. ABLVs are zoonotic pathogens, meaning they can be transmitted from animals to humans, and are responsible for causing a rare but severe neurological disease known as Australian bat lyssavirus infection.
The mode of transmission of ABLVs to humans is primarily through bites or scratches from infected bats. These viruses share similarities with rabies virus in terms of their genetic makeup and ability to cause fatal encephalitis in infected individuals. The symptoms of Australian bat lyssavirus infection generally start with flu-like symptoms, but rapidly progress to neurological symptoms including confusion, agitation, paralysis, and ultimately, death.
Prevention of ABLV infection mainly involves avoiding direct contact with bats, particularly if they are sick, injured, or behaving abnormally. If an individual is bitten or scratched by a bat, immediate thorough washing of the wound is recommended, followed by medical evaluation and potential administration of a rabies vaccine series. In Australia, efforts are also being made to monitor and mitigate public health risks associated with bat colonies, as well as raising awareness about the importance of avoiding contact with bats to prevent ABLV transmission.
Overall, Australian bat lyssaviruses are a group of viruses found in bats that can cause a rare but serious neurological disease in humans, highlighting the importance of preventive measures and public health awareness.
