The bones of the feet refer to the skeletal structures comprising the lower extremities responsible for weight-bearing, locomotion, and stability. Comprising 26 bones in each foot, these intricate structures are essential for maintaining balance and facilitating various movements. Divided into three main sections, namely the tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges, the bones of the feet work collectively to support the body's weight and enable bipedal locomotion.
The tarsal bones, seven in total, form the back part of the foot and include the calcaneus (heel bone), talus, navicular, cuboid, and three cuneiform bones. These bones serve as a sturdy base, connecting the foot to the leg bones and facilitating movement in various directions. The metatarsal bones, five in number, extend from the tarsals to the phalanges and function as the dynamic bridge between the forefoot and the midfoot. Finally, the phalanges make up the toes, with each toe consisting of three phalanges, except the big toe, which comprises two.
Together, the bones of the feet create a complex framework designed to withstand significant tension, compression, and torsional forces. They are interconnected with an extensive system of ligaments, tendons, and muscles, which enable movements such as walking, running, jumping, and balancing. The structure and alignment of the bones in the feet are crucial for maintaining overall foot health, preventing deformities, and ensuring proper biomechanical function.
