Close-up is spelled as /ˈkləʊs ʌp/ in IPA phonetic transcription. The initial sound /k/ is followed by the short vowel sound /əʊ/ and a /s/ sound, followed by the /ʌp/ sound. The word close-up means a photograph or a movie shot taken at a close range which emphasizes on a particular subject or object. This spelling helps to differentiate the word from its homophone 'clothes'. It is a widely used term in film making, photography, and other visual arts.
A close-up, also known as a close shot, is a term predominantly used in the field of photography and cinematography to describe a shot where the subject is captured at a very close distance, typically filling up the entire frame. The purpose of a close-up is to bring the subject into intense focus, allowing viewers to scrutinize even the tiniest details of the subject. It is commonly employed to emphasize emotions, expressions, or specific physical attributes of the subject.
In photography, a close-up showcases the subject’s features with sharpness and clarity, often highlighting intricate textures, lines, and contours. This technique enables photographers to capture the subject's essence, focusing the viewer's attention on a specific aspect of the image. A close-up shot is particularly effective in portraying intimate moments, transforming an ordinary scene into a compelling visual statement.
In cinematography, a close-up typically involves placing the camera in close proximity to the subject, usually capturing only the person's face, upper body, or specific objects of significance. By narrowing the field of view, filmmakers can intensify the impact of the subject's emotions, create a sense of intimacy, or provide critical details that may be otherwise missed. Close-ups are commonly used to elicit strong emotional responses, convey a character's thoughts, and heighten dramatic moments within a film or television production. This technique allows directors to enhance storytelling, adding depth and meaning to the visual narrative.
The word "close-up" originated in the early 20th century, around 1913, in the field of cinematography. It combines the word "close", which indicates nearness or proximity, with the particle "-up", which signifies completion or intensification. The term was initially used to describe a shot or scene in a movie where the camera is positioned very close to the subject, highlighting fine details or facial expressions. Over time, "close-up" expanded its usage beyond film and photography to refer to any detailed or magnified view of an object or situation.