Coal tar is a dark, thick, and sticky substance that is derived from the distillation of coal. It is obtained during the process of converting coal into coke or gas, and is a byproduct of coal carbonization. Coal tar is composed of various organic compounds, including aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols, and heterocyclic compounds.
With a pungent and characteristic odor, coal tar has been widely used for several purposes. It has been utilized in the past for its medicinal properties, particularly in the treatment of skin conditions such as psoriasis and eczema. Its antibacterial and antifungal properties have made it effective in the treatment of certain scalp conditions as well.
Furthermore, coal tar is used extensively in the production of various industrial products. It serves as a base material for the manufacturing of asphalt and roofing materials. It is also a crucial ingredient in the production of dyes, paints, and coatings due to its ability to provide color and protection.
However, coal tar poses health and environmental concerns. It contains numerous toxic chemicals and carcinogens, such as benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Therefore, its use has been regulated in many industries to minimize the potential risks associated with exposure.
In summary, coal tar is a dark, viscous substance derived from the distillation of coal and is known for its pungent odor. It has been utilized for medicinal purposes and has broad industrial applications, primarily in the production of asphalt, dyes, paints, and coatings. However, its use requires careful handling due to its toxic and carcinogenic properties.
