Continent urinary reservoirs, also known as continent diversion or continent pouches, refer to surgically created reservoirs within the body that allow for the storage and controlled release of urine. These reservoirs are typically constructed when the bladder is either removed or rendered nonfunctional due to disease or injury.
The purpose of continent urinary reservoirs is to provide individuals with an alternative means for storing and voiding urine after the removal of the bladder. These reservoirs are created using sections of the intestine, which are modified and reconfigured to form a pouch capable of holding and retaining urine.
The construction of continent urinary reservoirs involves intricate surgical techniques that connect the newly created pouch to the ureters, which are the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. A new opening, called a stoma, is also created on the abdominal wall to provide a means for voiding urine.
Unlike traditional urinary diversions, such as an ileal conduit where urine is diverted to an external bag, continent urinary reservoirs allow individuals to voluntarily control the voiding process. This is achieved by creating a valve mechanism within the pouch, typically using either a segment of bowel or an artificial implant, which allows individuals to release urine at their convenience.
Continent urinary reservoirs provide a more natural and controlled method for urinary storage and voiding, enhancing the overall quality of life for individuals who have lost bladder function. These reservoirs require periodic self-catheterization or the use of intermittent catheters to empty the pouch and prevent the build-up of urine.
