CTS, acronym for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, refers to a common condition causing pain, tingling, weakness, and numbness in the hand and arm. It occurs when the median nerve, which travels from the forearm to the hand through a narrow passage called the carpal tunnel, becomes compressed or squeezed.
The carpal tunnel itself is a narrow passageway in the wrist formed by the carpal bones and a fibrous band of tissue. This tunnel protects the median nerve and the tendons that bend the fingers and thumb. However, when the tunnel narrows due to inflammation or swelling, it may cause pressure on the median nerve, leading to the development of CTS.
Risk factors for CTS include repetitive hand movements, such as typing or assembly line work, wrist injury, certain medical conditions (e.g., diabetes, obesity, rheumatoid arthritis), and hormonal changes during pregnancy. Common symptoms of CTS include pain, numbness, and tingling in the hand, particularly in the thumb, index, middle, and ring fingers. Weakness and difficulty gripping objects may also occur.
Treatment for CTS may involve avoiding activities that worsen the symptoms, wearing wrist splints to immobilize the affected area, and performing exercises to strengthen the hand and wrist. In severe cases, medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or even surgery may be necessary to relieve pressure on the median nerve.
Early diagnosis and treatment of CTS are crucial to prevent worsening of symptoms and potential complications.
