Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a severe and potentially fatal viral disease caused by the dengue virus. It belongs to the family Flaviviridae and is transmitted primarily through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes, predominantly Aedes aegypti. Found in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, DHF is a significant public health concern and can cause widespread outbreaks.
The disease manifests as a more severe form of dengue fever, characterized by intense headaches, high fever, severe joint and muscle pain, and a rash. DHF is further distinguished by the onset of bleeding tendencies, which can lead to hemorrhage, organ damage, and organ failure. Common manifestations of bleeding include gum bleeding, nosebleeds, and bruising.
DHF can progress rapidly and result in shock or circulatory collapse, often called dengue shock syndrome (DSS). This condition, marked by severe abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, and fluctuating blood pressure, requires immediate medical attention as it can be life-threatening.
While there is no specific antiviral treatment for DHF, prompt and appropriate medical care can help manage symptoms and prevent complications. Supportive care with fluids and pain-relief medications is crucial. Patients with DHF often require close monitoring to ensure early detection and management of complications.
Prevention of DHF involves vector control measures such as eliminating mosquito breeding sites, using insect repellents, and wearing protective clothing. Vaccination against dengue virus can also play a role in preventing the disease.
