Fissure of Rolando, also known as Rolando's fissure or the central sulcus, is a prominent anatomical landmark found within the human brain. It is one of the major sulci or grooves that divides the cerebral cortex into distinct regions known as the frontal and parietal lobes. Named after Luigi Rolando, an Italian anatomist who first described it in the early 19th century, this fissure plays a crucial role in neuroanatomy and neuroscience.
The Fissure of Rolando extends horizontally across the lateral surface of the brain, separating the frontal and parietal lobes. It begins at the top of the brain near the midline, adjacent to the longitudinal fissure, and extends towards the side of the brain, curving slightly as it does so. In most individuals, this fissure terminates around the central sulcus, another important sulcus that divides the frontal and parietal lobes.
The Fissure of Rolando serves as a landmark for identifying and locating specific functional areas of the brain, particularly the primary motor cortex. This area, responsible for voluntary movements, is located immediately in front of the fissure within the frontal lobe. The ability to recognize and locate the Fissure of Rolando is therefore crucial for neurosurgeons and researchers studying the brain's structure and functions.
In summary, the Fissure of Rolando is a significant anatomical feature in the human brain, dividing the frontal and parietal lobes. It plays a vital role in understanding brain architecture and the localization of important functional areas, particularly the primary motor cortex.
