General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) refers to a physiological response pattern that occurs when an organism encounters and responds to stressors. Coined by the endocrinologist Hans Selye, the term encompasses a set of stages that the body undergoes when confronted with stress or challenges.
The three stages of General Adaptation Syndrome are as follows:
1. Alarm: The initial phase triggered when a stressor is identified. It activates the body's fight-or-flight response, leading to increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and the release of stress hormones like adrenaline. The body mobilizes its resources to prepare for the upcoming threat.
2. Resistance: In this stage, the body attempts to adapt and cope with the stressor. It continues to devote resources to combat the stressor's effects, but physiological symptoms may start to become less noticeable. This stage aims to restore balance and counteract the stressor's impact.
3. Exhaustion: If the stressor persists for an extended period, the body's resources become depleted, leading to exhaustion. The body's ability to resist the stressor declines, and various symptoms may manifest, including physical and mental fatigue, decreased immune response, and potential development of stress-related illnesses.
The General Adaptation Syndrome highlights the body's innate ability to react and adjust to stressors. It emphasizes that although the stress response can provide short-term advantages, prolonged exposure to stress can have detrimental effects on physical and mental health. Awareness of the stages of General Adaptation Syndrome can aid in recognizing and managing stress, promoting overall well-being.
