Getah virus, also known as Getah encephalitis virus, is an arthropod-borne virus belonging to the family Togaviridae. It primarily infects various species of animals, including horses, pigs, cattle, and birds. The virus is primarily transmitted through mosquito bites, especially those from the Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquito species, which acts as the main vector for transmission.
Getah virus is characterized by its ability to cause inflammation and swelling of the blood vessels, leading to encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) in infected hosts. Symptoms of Getah virus infection in horses and pigs generally include fever, anorexia, joint inflammation (arthritis), limb swelling, and occasional respiratory issues. The incubation period for the virus is typically around 4 to 7 days.
Although Getah virus infection is usually self-limiting in horses and pigs, it can lead to significant economic losses due to decreased productivity, reduced athletic performance, and costly veterinary treatments. There is no specific antiviral treatment available for Getah virus infection in animals. Prevention and control measures mainly focus on vaccination programs, vector control, and biosecurity measures.
In rare cases, Getah virus can also infect humans, causing mild flu-like symptoms such as fever, rash, joint pain, and muscle aches. However, human infections are generally considered rare, and most cases remain asymptomatic. People working closely with infected animals, such as farmers and veterinarians, are considered at higher risk of acquiring the virus.
