Intrauterine Growth Retardation (IUGR) refers to a medical condition characterized by abnormally slowed or restricted fetal growth during pregnancy. Also known as fetal growth restriction, this condition indicates that the developing baby in the womb is not growing at the expected rate, compared to other gestational pregnancies.
IUGR can be caused by various factors, including maternal health problems, placental abnormalities, genetic disorders, or certain external factors such as smoking or drug use during pregnancy. It can also result from insufficient transfer of oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the fetus, leading to inadequate nourishment for the developing baby.
The condition is typically diagnosed through regular prenatal ultrasounds and measurements, which compare the size of the fetus with the expected growth for gestational age. Signs of IUGR can include a smaller abdominal circumference, shorter femur length, or reduced overall weight.
Intrauterine growth retardation can have adverse effects on the developing baby's health and development, increasing the risk of complications both during pregnancy and after birth. These complications can include low birth weight, premature birth, neonatal hypoglycemia, respiratory problems, impaired cognitive development, and increased susceptibility to certain diseases later in life.
Management of IUGR may involve close monitoring of the condition, including regular ultrasounds, fetal heart rate monitoring, and blood tests. In severe cases, medical interventions such as induced labor or cesarean section may be necessary to ensure the safety and well-being of both the mother and the baby.
