JINGSHI Meaning and
Definition
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Jingshi is a Chinese term that has multiple meanings depending on the context. In its broadest sense, jingshi refers to the historical capital city of China. This term was particularly used to describe the ancient capitals of various dynasties throughout Chinese history, such as Xi'an during the Tang dynasty and Beijing during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Jingshi can be translated as "capital" or "imperial city," highlighting its significance as the seat of political power and administrative center.
However, jingshi also holds a more specific meaning in certain contexts. In the traditional Chinese examination system, jingshi was a term used to refer to the highest-level examination that took place in the capital city. This examination was conducted only for the most exceptional scholars who aspired to hold prestigious positions in the imperial bureaucracy. As such, jingshi became associated with the highest academic achievement and the gateway to influential government positions.
Furthermore, in contemporary China, the term jingshi is used to refer to the institutions of higher education that are located in capital cities. These universities are often considered to be among the most prestigious in the country, and they attract talented students and renowned scholars. Jingshi universities are recognized for their academic rigor, research output, and cultural significance.
Overall, jingshi encompasses historical, educational, and cultural aspects, elevating its meaning to symbolize power, knowledge, and the central hub of Chinese civilization.
Etymology of JINGSHI
The word "jingshi" is derived from the Chinese language. It is composed of two characters: "jing" (京) and "shi" (师).
- "Jing" (京) originally referred to the capital city of China during the ancient dynasties, such as the cities of Luoyang and Chang'an. Over time, it has come to represent a "capital" or an important city.
- "Shi" (师) means "teacher" or "master" in Chinese.
Therefore, "jingshi" (京师) can be translated as "capital teacher" or "master of the capital". In the context of ancient China, it often referred to prestigious scholars or teachers who resided in the capital city and were highly respected for their knowledge and expertise.
