JUXTAGLOMERULAR Meaning and
Definition
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Juxtaglomerular refers to the area or structure located near the glomerulus, which is part of the renal (kidney) filtration system. The term specifically describes the juxtaglomerular apparatus, a region found in each nephron of the kidney.
The juxtaglomerular apparatus is situated at the junction between the distal convoluted tubule, a section of the nephron, and the afferent arteriole, the tiny blood vessel that delivers blood to the glomerulus. This apparatus plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and renal filtration. It consists of three main cell types: juxtaglomerular cells, macula densa cells, and extraglomerular mesangial cells.
Juxtaglomerular cells, also known as granular cells, are specialized smooth muscle cells located in the wall of the afferent arteriole. These cells secrete the hormone renin, which plays a vital role in the regulation of blood pressure and fluid balance. Macula densa cells are found in the wall of the distal convoluted tubule and monitor the sodium concentration in the urine, providing feedback to the juxtaglomerular cells. Extraglomerular mesangial cells support the structure of the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
Overall, the juxtaglomerular apparatus coordinates the response to changes in blood pressure, blood volume, and sodium levels, ensuring the appropriate regulation of renal filtration and maintaining overall fluid and electrolyte balance in the body.
Common Misspellings for JUXTAGLOMERULAR
- Juxtaglomarular
- Juxatglomerular
- Juxtaglomular
- Juxtaglomerulara
Etymology of JUXTAGLOMERULAR
The word "juxtaglomerular" is derived from the Latin roots "juxta", meaning near, and "glomerulus", which refers to a small, intertwined cluster of blood vessels found in the kidney.
