Pronunciation: [kˈɜːtə͡l] (IPA) 
Kirtle, spelled as /ˈkɜːrtl/ in IPA phonetic transcription, is a noun used to describe a type of tunic or dress that was popular during the Middle Ages. The word derives from Old Norse "kyrtill" and Middle English "kirtel". In modern usage, it is mostly seen in historical or literary contexts. While the pronunciation of the word may vary slightly based on regional dialect, the spelling remains consistent.
A kirtle is a term derived from Old English "cyrtel" and it refers to a type of garment that has been worn for centuries by both men and women. The kirtle is typically described as a loose-fitting or form-fitting, sleeveless or short-sleeved tunic that falls to the knees or lower. It is often made of a sturdy fabric such as linen, wool, or silk, and it can be single-colored or decorated with ornate patterns or embroidery.
Historically, the kirtle has had various interpretations depending on the era and region. In medieval times, it was an essential undergarment, worn beneath another layer of clothing. The kirtle provided both structural support and insulation. It could also serve as an outer garment, especially for women, often with a more elaborate design to denote social status.
Throughout different periods, the kirtle evolved in style but maintained its core characteristics: a simple, versatile, and practical attire encapsulating comfort and modesty. It was often worn with a belt or sash to cinch the waist and give a more defined silhouette. The kirtle transcended social classes and had variations like the cotehardie, gamurra, or doublet, adapting to the fashions and customs of the time.
Today, the term "kirtle" is part of historical vocabulary and references attire predominantly associated with the Middle Ages or Renaissance. Modern interpretations can be found in reenactments, theatrical performances, or historical-themed events, showcasing the enduring legacy of this timeless garment.
An upper garment; a short jacket.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "kirtle" can be traced back to Middle English. It stems from the Old Norse word "kyrtill", which referred to a tunic or a long garment worn by both men and women. The Old Norse term was then adopted into Old English as "cyrtel". Over time, the spelling evolved into "kirtle" in Middle English, which continued to denote a garment worn by women, particularly a sleeveless or short-sleeved dress.
