Peltate hairs refer to a type of plant hair or trichome that is flattened and disk-like in shape. These structures are found on the surface of leaves, stems, and other parts of certain plants. The term "peltate" is derived from the Latin word "pelta," meaning small shield, which accurately describes the appearance of these hairs.
Peltate hairs are characterized by a broad base attached to the surface of the plant, with the upper part extending outward like a saucer or shield. The flattened shape of these hairs distinguishes them from other types of plant hairs, such as simple or glandular hairs, which are typically elongated or have different structures.
These hairs serve various functions in plants. One of their primary roles is to aid in protection against factors like excessive sunlight, wind, and drought. The broad shape of peltate hairs helps to minimize water loss through transpiration, as the flattened surface reduces exposure to dry air. Additionally, peltate hairs can create a microclimate around the plant surface, reducing direct contact with harmful environmental agents.
Furthermore, some plants use peltate hairs for defense against herbivorous insects and animals. The physical barrier created by these hairs can make it difficult for tiny pests to access the leaves or stems, acting as a deterrent. Moreover, the hairs' flattened shape may discourage herbivores from feeding, as the texture may be uncomfortable or unappetizing.
In summary, peltate hairs are specialized flattened hairs found on the surface of plants, with a shield-like appearance. They provide protection against various environmental factors and may also serve as a deterrent against herbivores.
