Pronunciation: [skˈɑːp] (IPA) 
The word "scarp" is spelled with a "c" and "p" at the end, despite being pronounced with a "k" sound and a silent consonant. This is because in English, the letter "c" followed by "a," "o," or "u" is usually pronounced as a "k," while "ar" typically makes an "er" sound. Meanwhile, the "p" serves to indicate that the "c" should be pronounced as a hard sound. The IPA phonetic transcription of "scarp" is /skɑːrp/.
A scarp is a geological term that refers to a steep slope or cliff-like feature created by the erosion or faulting of the Earth's surface. Typically found in areas with high relief or tectonic activity, scarps are characterized by their abrupt and vertical nature in contrast to the surrounding terrain.
Scarps can form due to various natural processes. One common cause is the movement of tectonic plates along a fault line, resulting in the uplift or depression of the Earth's crust. This movement causes the formation of a steep scarp where one side of the fault is elevated compared to the other. Similarly, erosion from water, wind, or ice can also create scarps by cutting into the land and exposing a vertical face.
The distinctive features of a scarp make it easily identifiable within a landscape. Its steepness and sudden change in elevation make it stand out from the surrounding terrain, revealing the effects of geological forces. Over time, scarps can continue to be shaped by erosion, gradually changing their appearance. Additionally, scarps often provide geologists with valuable information about the geologic history and processes that have shaped a particular region.
In summary, a scarp is a steep slope or cliff-like feature that results from either the movement of tectonic plates or erosion processes. Its abrupt nature and vertical face make it a prominent geological feature in a landscape, serving as a record of past geologic events.
In a ditch before a fortified place, that side of the ditch which slopes towards it; in her., the scarf worn by military commanders.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word scarp comes from the Middle French word escarp which means steep slope or cliff. It can be traced back to the Old Italian word scarpa meaning shoe, as the shape of a steep slope or cliff can resemble the heel of a shoe. Ultimately, the root of the word can be traced back to the Late Latin word scarpa meaning shoe.
