How Do You Spell SYDENHAM CHOREA?

Pronunciation: [sˈa͡ɪdənəm kɔːɹˈi͡ə] (IPA)

Sydenham Chorea, a neurological disorder characterized by uncontrollable jerky movements, is spelled as /ˈsɪdənəm kəˈriə/. The word "Sydenham" is pronounced with stress on the first syllable and the "e" sound represented by the letter "e". The word "chorea" is pronounced with stress on the second syllable, and the "ch" sound is pronounced as a hard "k" sound. The "oe" at the end of the word is pronounced as "ee," giving the final pronunciation of /kəˈriə/. The spelling of this disorder's name honors English physician Thomas Sydenham, who first described the condition in the 17th century.

SYDENHAM CHOREA Meaning and Definition

1. Sydenham Chorea, also known as Sydenham's chorea or St. Vitus' dance, is a neurological disorder characterized by sudden, involuntary muscle movements. It is primarily observed in children and is often associated with a preceding infection, most commonly Group A Streptococcus bacteria that cause streptococcal infections such as strep throat or rheumatic fever.

   The condition is named after Thomas Sydenham, an English physician who first described it in the 17th century. The chorea refers to the jerky, uncontrolled movements that are a hallmark of the disorder. These movements typically affect the face, limbs, and trunk and may be continuous or intermittent.

   Sydenham Chorea is believed to occur due to an autoimmune response triggered by the bacterial infection, in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks certain areas of the brain, particularly the basal ganglia. The basal ganglia play a role in controlling voluntary movements, so their dysfunction results in the characteristic movement abnormalities seen in Sydenham Chorea.

   In addition to the choreic movements, individuals may also experience muscle weakness, emotional instability, psychiatric symptoms such as obsessive-compulsive behavior, and difficulty with fine motor skills. Symptoms tend to peak within a few weeks to months after the initial infection and can last for several months to a few years before gradually resolving.

   Treatment for Sydenham Chorea typically involves managing the underlying infection, using anti-inflammatory medications to reduce inflammation in the brain, and medications such as antipsychotics to control the movement symptoms. Physical therapy may also be recommended to help improve coordination and reduce the impact of the involuntary movements on daily functioning.

Common Misspellings for SYDENHAM CHOREA

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Etymology of SYDENHAM CHOREA

The term "Sydenham Chorea" is named after Thomas Sydenham, a British physician who first described this neurological disorder in the 17th century. "Chorea" originates from the Greek word "khoreia", meaning "dance", as the involuntary movements associated with this condition resemble a type of dancing or jerking motion. Sydenham Chorea is also commonly referred to as St. Vitus' Dance, although this name has fallen out of favor in modern medical practice.