The word "pica" has an interesting spelling that can be explained through its phonetic transcription: /ˈpaɪkə/. The first syllable, "pi," is pronounced with a long "i" sound, as in "pie." The second syllable, "ca," sounds like "kuh." Therefore, the spelling "pica" represents the sounds /paɪ/ and /kə/. "Pica" is a word that can refer to a type size in typography, a disorder where someone eats non-food items, and a type of measurement used in printing.
Pica is a compulsive eating disorder characterized by the persistent consumption of non-nutritive substances over an extended period. People with pica have an excessive appetite for substances that are typically considered inedible, such as dirt, clay, stones, chalk, hair, paper, soap, or even ice. While this behavior is most commonly observed in children, it can also occur in adults.
The exact cause of pica is unknown, but it has been linked to several underlying conditions and deficiencies, including iron deficiency anemia, pregnancy, certain mental health disorders (e.g., obsessive-compulsive disorder), developmental disorders, or cultural practices. The disorder is generally diagnosed when the craving for non-food items lasts for at least one month and is not a part of culturally accepted practices.
Pica can lead to various health complications depending on the type and quantity of substances ingested. Consuming non-nutritive items can cause damage to teeth, mouth, throat, or digestive system, leading to blockages, bowel problems, nutritional deficiencies, or poisoning. Treatment for pica often involves a combination of medical intervention, psychological therapy, support groups, and addressing any underlying conditions contributing to the disorder.
In summary, pica is a eating disorder characterized by the persistent consumption of non-nutritive substances. It is commonly seen in children but can also occur in adults. The reasons for this behavior vary, and it can lead to potential complications if left untreated.
A depraved appetite, a longing for substances not fit for food, such as slate pencils, wood, and the like.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The magpie; in med., a depraved appetite; a printing-type of a size formerly used in printing the pie or service-book-so called from the appearance of the red or party-coloured initial and other letters so numerously interspersed among the black letter.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "pica" has multiple etymological origins depending on its usage.
1. Pica (disorder): The term "pica" originates from Latin, specifically from the word "pīca", which means "magpie". This bird is known for its indiscriminate eating habits. The disorder, characterized by the consumption of non-nutritive substances like dirt, clay, or chalk, was metaphorically linked to the behavior of magpies who collect various objects.
2. Pica (typography): In typography, "pica" refers to a unit of measurement equal to 1/6th of an inch (0.16604 inches). The term comes from the Italian word "pica", which means "pointed beak" and is associated with a bird's beak or nib of a pen. This term was adopted in English to designate the standard unit of measurement.