Total Knee Replacement (TKR), also known as total knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure in which a damaged or diseased knee joint is replaced with an artificial implant. It is primarily performed to relieve pain and improve functionality in patients suffering from severe knee arthritis or other debilitating conditions.
During a total knee replacement, the surgeon removes the damaged cartilage and bone from the knee joint and replaces it with prosthetic components, which are designed to mimic the shape and function of a healthy knee. The procedure involves resurfacing the end of the thighbone (femur), lower leg bone (tibia), and the kneecap (patella) with metal and plastic components.
Total knee replacement surgery requires anesthesia, and it is usually performed under general anesthesia, although regional anesthesia options may be available. The surgeon makes an incision in the front of the knee, carefully removes the damaged joint surfaces, and precisely attaches the artificial components to the bone using cement or specialized techniques. The procedure typically takes a few hours.
After surgery, patients undergo a rehabilitation program to regain strength, mobility, and flexibility in the knee joint. Physical therapy and exercises are utilized to help patients restore normal knee function and achieve optimal outcomes.
Total knee replacement surgery has proven to be an effective treatment option for individuals experiencing severe knee pain and disability due to conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or post-traumatic arthritis. It can significantly enhance the quality of life by diminishing pain, restoring mobility, and allowing individuals to engage in everyday activities with improved functionality.
